Esclat

Esclat
P2348
Q494756
Q83093
Q756
Q7211
	''''';
Q863247
Q13557414
Distribució
Q322481
	;

L'esclat (Electrona risso) és una espècie de peix de la família dels mictòfids i de l'ordre dels mictofiformes.

Morfologia

Els mascles poden assolir 8,2 cm de longitud total.
Nombre de vèrtebres: 32-34.^[4]^[5]

Reproducció

Assoleix la maduresa sexual a partir dels 5,9 cm de llargària.^[4]
És ovípar amb larves i ous planctònics.^[6]
A la Mediterrània fresa, principalment, entre l'estiu i la tardor.^[7]

Depredadors

És depredat per Beryx splendens a les Illes Açores,^[8] Lagenodelphis hosei a les Filipines i Stenella longirostris a les Filipines.^[9]

Hàbitat

És un peix marí i d'aigües profundes que viu entre 90-820 m de fondària.^[4]^[10]

Distribució geogràfica

Es troba a l'Atlàntic oriental (des de les Illes Britàniques fins a Namíbia), la Mediterrània,^[11]^[12] l'Atlàntic occidental (des de Surinam fins al Brasil),^[13] l'Atlàntic nord-occidental (Canadà),^[14] l'Índic (0°-40°S), el Pacífic occidental (Austràlia),^[15] el Pacífic oriental i el Mar de la Xina Meridional.^[16]^[4]^[17]^[18]^[19]^[20]^[21]^[22]^[23]^[24]^[25]^[15]^[26]^[27]^[28]

Referències

↑ Goode G. B. & Bean T. H., 1896. Oceanic Ichthyology, a treatise on the deep-sea and pelagic fishes of the world, based chiefly upon the collections made by the steamers Blake, Albatross, and Fish Hawk in the northwestern Atlantic, with an atlas containing 417 figures. Spec. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. Núm. 2. Text: i-xxxv + 1-26 + 1-553.
↑ Catalogue of Life (anglès)
↑ Cocco, A., 1829. Su di alcuni nuovi pesci de' mari di Messina. Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (núm. 77): 138-147.
↑ ^4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 ^4,3 FishBase (anglès)
↑ Hulley, P.A., 1990. Myctophidae. p. 398-467. A J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post i L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisboa; SEI; París; i UNESCO, París. Vol. 1.
↑ Moser, H.G. i E.H. Ahlstrom, 1996. Myctophidae: lanternfishes. p. 387-475. A: H.G. Moser (ed.) The early stages of fishes in the California Current Region. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) Atlas Núm. 33. 1505 p.
↑ Hulley, P.A., 1984. Myctophidae. p. 429-483. A P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.). Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París, França. Vol. 1.
↑ Gomes, T.M., E. Sola, M.P. Grós, G. Menezes i M.R. Pinho, 1998. Trophic relationships and feeding habits of demersal fishes from the Azores: importance to multispecies assessment. ICES C.M. 1998/O: 7.
↑ FishBase (anglès)
↑ Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura i E. Fujii (eds.), 1983. Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tòquio, Japó. 519 p.
↑ Quignard, J.-P. i J.A. Tomasini, 2000. Mediterranean fish biodiversity. Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 7(3):1-66.
↑ Mercader L., D. Lloris i J. Rucabado, 2003. Tots els peixos del Mar Català. Diagnosi i claus d'identificació. Institut d'Estudis Catalans. Barcelona. 350p.
↑ Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura i E. Fujii (eds.), 1983.
↑ Scott, W.B. i M.G. Scott, 1988. Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219: 731 p.
↑ ^15,0 ^15,1 Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen i J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p.
↑ Wang, J.T.-M. i C.-T. Chen, 2001. A review of lanternfishes (Families: Myctophidae and Neoscopelidae) and their distributions around Taiwan and the Tungsha islands with notes on seventeen new records. Zool. Stud. 40(2):103-126.
↑ Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. A W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot i M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Roma, Itàlia.
↑ Beamish, R.J., K.D. Leask, O.A. Ivanov, A.A. Balanov, A.M. Orlov i B. Sinclair, 1999. The ecology, distribution, and abundance of midwater fishes of the Subarctic Pacific gyres. Prog. Oceanog. 43:399-442.
↑ Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer i H.J. Boyer, 1993. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Roma, Itàlia. 250 p.
↑ Boltachev, A.R., 1987. Species structure of Myctophidae communities from some Atlantic regions. J. Ichthyol. 27(5):51-59.
↑ Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton i G.R. Allen, 2006. Fishes. A Beasley, O.L. i A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volum 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia Part 1, pp. xxiv 1-670; Part 2, pp. xxi 671-1472; Part 3, pp. xxi 1473-2178.
↑ Kailola, P.J., 1987. The fishes of Papua New Guinea. A revised and annotated checklist. Vol. 1. Myxinidae to Synbranchidae. Research Bulletin Núm. 41. Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Port Moresby, Papua Nova Guinea. 194 p.
↑ Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood i M.V. Vinter, 1989. Laboratory guide to early life history stages of Northeast Pacific fishes. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 80:1-652.
↑ Mundy, B.C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704.
↑ Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts i P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series Núm. 19. xiv+279 p.
↑ Santos, R.S., F.M. Porteiro i J.P. Barreiros, 1997. Marine fishes of the Azores: annotated checklist and bibliography. Bulletin of the University of Azores. Supplement 1. 244 p.
↑ Young, J.W., T.D. Lamb i R.W. Bradford, 1996. Distribution and community structure of midwater fishes in relation to the subtropical convergence off eastern Tasmania, Australia. Mar. Biol. 126(4):571-584.
↑ Whitehead, P.J.P., M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.), 1986. Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París, França. Vols. I-III:1473 p.

Bibliografia

Anònim, 2000. Fish collection database of the J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica. J.L.B. Smith Institute of Ichthyology, Grahamstown, Sud-àfrica.
Anònim, 2000. Fish collection database of the Intitut fur Seefischerei (ISH). BIOLAB Forschungsinstitut, Hohenwestedt, Alemanya.
Anònim, 2001. Fish collection database of the National Museum of Natural History (Smithsonian Institution). Smithsonian Institution - Division of Fishes.
Anònim, 2002. Fish collection database of the American Museum of Natural History. American Museum of Natural History, Central Park West , NY 10024-5192, Estats Units.
Becker, V. E., 1963: New data on the Lantern fish genera Electrona and Protomyctophum (Pisces, Myctophidae) of the Southern Hemisphere. Voprosy Ikhtiologii v. 3 (núm. 1): 15-28.
Eschmeyer, William N., ed. 1998. Catalog of Fishes. Special Publication of the Center for Biodiversity Research and Information, núm. 1, vol. 1-3. California Academy of Sciences. San Francisco, Califòrnia, Estats Units. ISBN 0-940228-47-5.
Helfman, G., B. Collette i D. Facey: The diversity of fishes. Blackwell Science, Malden, Massachusetts, Estats Units, 1997.
Moyle, P. i J. Cech.: Fishes: An Introduction to Ichthyology, 4a. edició, Upper Saddle River, Nova Jersey, Estats Units: Prentice-Hall. Any 2000.
Nelson, J.: Fishes of the World, 3a. edició. Nova York, Estats Units: John Wiley and Sons. Any 1994.
Paxton, J.R., 1979. Nominal genera and species of lanternfishes (Family Myctophidae). Contrib. Sci. Natur. Hist. Mus. Los Angeles County, 322:1-28.
Paxton, J.R. i P.A. Hulley, 1999. Myctophidae. Lanternfishes. p. 1957-1964. A K.E. Carpenter i V.H. Niem (eds.) FAO species identification guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of the WCP. Vol. 3. Batoid fishes, chimaeras and bony fishes part 1 (Elopidae to Linophrynidae). FAO, Roma, Itàlia.
Riede, K., 2004. Global register of migratory species - from global to regional scales. Final Report of the R&D-Projekt 808 05 081. Federal Agency for Nature Conservation, Bonn, Alemanya. 329 p.
Wheeler, A.: The World Encyclopedia of Fishes, 2a. edició, Londres: Macdonald. Any 1985.

Enllaços externs

AQUATAB
UNEP-WCMC Species Database (anglès)

A Wikimedia Commons hi ha contingut multimèdia relatiu a: Esclat

[1] Goode G. B. & Bean T. H., 1896. Oceanic Ichthyology, a treatise on the deep-sea and pelagic fishes of the world, based chiefly upon the collections made by the steamers Blake, Albatross, and Fish Hawk in the northwestern Atlantic, with an atlas containing 417 figures. Spec. Bull. U. S. Natl. Mus. Núm. 2. Text: i-xxxv + 1-26 + 1-553.

[2] Catalogue of Life (anglès)

[3] Cocco, A., 1829. Su di alcuni nuovi pesci de' mari di Messina. Giornale di Scienze Lettere e Arti per La Sicilia Anno 7, v. 26 (núm. 77): 138-147.

[FishBase-4] 4,0 ^4,1 ^4,2 ^4,3 FishBase (anglès)

[5] Hulley, P.A., 1990. Myctophidae. p. 398-467. A J.C. Quero, J.C. Hureau, C. Karrer, A. Post i L. Saldanha (eds.) Check-list of the fishes of the eastern tropical Atlantic (CLOFETA). JNICT, Lisboa; SEI; París; i UNESCO, París. Vol. 1.

[6] Moser, H.G. i E.H. Ahlstrom, 1996. Myctophidae: lanternfishes. p. 387-475. A: H.G. Moser (ed.) The early stages of fishes in the California Current Region. California Cooperative Oceanic Fisheries Investigations (CalCOFI) Atlas Núm. 33. 1505 p.

[7] Hulley, P.A., 1984. Myctophidae. p. 429-483. A P.J.P. Whitehead, M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.). Fishes of the north-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París, França. Vol. 1.

[8] Gomes, T.M., E. Sola, M.P. Grós, G. Menezes i M.R. Pinho, 1998. Trophic relationships and feeding habits of demersal fishes from the Azores: importance to multispecies assessment. ICES C.M. 1998/O: 7.

[9] FishBase (anglès)

[10] Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura i E. Fujii (eds.), 1983. Fishes trawled off Suriname and French Guiana. Japan Marine Fishery Resource Research Center, Tòquio, Japó. 519 p.

[11] Quignard, J.-P. i J.A. Tomasini, 2000. Mediterranean fish biodiversity. Biol. Mar. Mediterr. 7(3):1-66.

[12] Mercader L., D. Lloris i J. Rucabado, 2003. Tots els peixos del Mar Català. Diagnosi i claus d'identificació. Institut d'Estudis Catalans. Barcelona. 350p.

[13] Uyeno, T., K. Matsuura i E. Fujii (eds.), 1983.

[14] Scott, W.B. i M.G. Scott, 1988. Atlantic fishes of Canada. Can. Bull. Fish. Aquat. Sci. 219: 731 p.

[Paxton-15] 15,0 ^15,1 Paxton, J.R., D.F. Hoese, G.R. Allen i J.E. Hanley, 1989. Pisces. Petromyzontidae to Carangidae. Zoological Catalogue of Australia, Vol. 7. Australian Government Publishing Service, Canberra, 665 p.

[16] Wang, J.T.-M. i C.-T. Chen, 2001. A review of lanternfishes (Families: Myctophidae and Neoscopelidae) and their distributions around Taiwan and the Tungsha islands with notes on seventeen new records. Zool. Stud. 40(2):103-126.

[17] Bauchot, M.-L., 1987. Poissons osseux. p. 891-1421. A W. Fischer, M.L. Bauchot i M. Schneider (eds.) Fiches FAO d'identification pour les besoins de la pêche. (rev. 1). Méditerranée et mer Noire. Zone de pêche 37. Vol. II. Commission des Communautés Européennes and FAO, Roma, Itàlia.

[18] Beamish, R.J., K.D. Leask, O.A. Ivanov, A.A. Balanov, A.M. Orlov i B. Sinclair, 1999. The ecology, distribution, and abundance of midwater fishes of the Subarctic Pacific gyres. Prog. Oceanog. 43:399-442.

[19] Bianchi, G., K.E. Carpenter, J.-P. Roux, F.J. Molloy, D. Boyer i H.J. Boyer, 1993. FAO species identification field guide for fishery purposes. The living marine resources of Namibia. FAO, Roma, Itàlia. 250 p.

[20] Boltachev, A.R., 1987. Species structure of Myctophidae communities from some Atlantic regions. J. Ichthyol. 27(5):51-59.

[21] Hoese, D.F., D.J. Bray, J.R. Paxton i G.R. Allen, 2006. Fishes. A Beasley, O.L. i A. Wells (eds.) Zoological Catalogue of Australia. Volum 35. ABRS & CSIRO Publishing: Australia Part 1, pp. xxiv 1-670; Part 2, pp. xxi 671-1472; Part 3, pp. xxi 1473-2178.

[22] Kailola, P.J., 1987. The fishes of Papua New Guinea. A revised and annotated checklist. Vol. 1. Myxinidae to Synbranchidae. Research Bulletin Núm. 41. Department of Fisheries and Marine Resources, Port Moresby, Papua Nova Guinea. 194 p.

[23] Matarese, A.C., A.W. Kendall, D.M. Blood i M.V. Vinter, 1989. Laboratory guide to early life history stages of Northeast Pacific fishes. NOAA Tech. Rep. NMFS 80:1-652.

[24] Mundy, B.C., 2005. Checklist of the fishes of the Hawaiian Archipelago. Bishop Museum Bulletins in Zoology. Bishop Mus. Bull. Zool. (6):1-704.

[25] Paulin, C., A. Stewart, C. Roberts i P. McMillan, 1989. New Zealand fish: a complete guide. National Museum of New Zealand Miscellaneous Series Núm. 19. xiv+279 p.

[26] Santos, R.S., F.M. Porteiro i J.P. Barreiros, 1997. Marine fishes of the Azores: annotated checklist and bibliography. Bulletin of the University of Azores. Supplement 1. 244 p.

[27] Young, J.W., T.D. Lamb i R.W. Bradford, 1996. Distribution and community structure of midwater fishes in relation to the subtropical convergence off eastern Tasmania, Australia. Mar. Biol. 126(4):571-584.

[28] Whitehead, P.J.P., M.-L. Bauchot, J.-C. Hureau, J. Nielsen i E. Tortonese (eds.), 1986. Fishes of the North-eastern Atlantic and the Mediterranean. UNESCO, París, França. Vols. I-III:1473 p.

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